Impact of electron-electron interaction on the electron energy distribution function in molecular plasmas under rf field action

Calculations of the electron energy distribution and of relevant macroscopic quantities of collision-dominated, weakly ionized plasmas under rf field action have been performed with increasing degrees of ionization, and the impact of the electron-electron interaction on these quantities was determined. The investigations were performed for the gas plasmas in CO and H₂ as representatives of molecular plasmas The energy distribution and macroscopic quantities are obtained by solving the nonstationary Bolizmann equation for a given rf field and degree of ionization taking into accoung and additional Fokker-Planck term besides the collision integrals for the elastic and the main inelastic collision processes. In these molecular plasmas a remarkable impact of the electron-electron interaction connected with increasing Maxwellization is observed for degrees of ionization greater than 10.     

太阳CO 4.6微米红外成像观测

太阳红外光谱中蕴含着丰富的物理信息,其中CO 4.6μm波段是具有代表性的分子谱带,其形成于温度极小区附近,对研究太阳物理具有极其重要的意义。为获得CO 4.6μm波段太阳单色像,本文建立了一套全反射太阳红外成像观测系统。该系统采用定天镜跟踪引光,通过成像反射镜将太阳成像于3~5μm波段红外相机的焦平面上,该相机采用的是国产HgCdTe焦平面阵列器件。同时,为提高信噪比,提出了一种有效计算平场提取观测目标的方法,并利用该方法获得了CO 4.6μm波段的太阳单色像。     

Kinetic Analysis of the Mechanism of Oxidation of CO on Co/ZSM-5

We have studied the kinetic behavior of oxidation of carbon monoxide on Co-containing zeolite ZSM-5. We have shown that the kinetic curves obtained for the dependence of the reaction rate on the reagent concentration can be described by an Eley–Rideal mechanism, which assumes that oxygen can be adsorbed on the surface of the catalyst in both atomic and molecular form, followed by reaction of CO from the gas phase with the adsorbed oxygen.     

锂离子电池正极材料LixNi1／3Mn1／3及电化学性能研究CO1／3O2的合成及电化学性能研究

应用以氢氧化物共沉淀为前驱体的高温固相烧结法合成LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2正极材料，研究了沉淀温度及烧结过程锂盐投入量对该材料的结构和电化学性能的影响．结果表明，以室温（-20℃）下合成的氢氧化物为前驱体制备的LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2具有较好的电化学性能．高温固相烧结会导致部分LiOH损失，因而在合成过程中需加入过量的氢氧化锂，实验表明Li1.08Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2材料的电化学性能最优．     

Topological properties of the electronic density of CO-MgF2 and OC-MgF2 adducts

By means of Bader's approach on topological properties of the electronic density, the major stability of the O-bonded adduct over the C-bonded one between MgF₂ and CO is reinforced.     

活性炭和石墨混合载体的Pt催化剂（Pt/CG）对乙醇氧化电催化活性的影响

用化学沉积法制备炭载Pt(Pt/C)和以活性炭与石墨作混合载体的Pt(Pt/CG)催化剂。实验结果表明，活性炭与石墨质量比影响Pt/CG催化剂对乙醇氧化的电催化活性。当活性炭与石墨的质量比为15∶1时，制得的Pt/CG催化剂对乙醇氧化的电催化活性最高。     

Pt-SnO2 / C催化剂对乙醇和吸附态CO的电催化氧化

由于乙醇最有可能成为直接甲醇燃料电池（DMFC）的替代燃料，因此近年来。对乙醇的电化学氧化及直接乙醇燃料电池的研究已引起人们的很大兴趣。甲醇毒性较大并且易透过Nafion膜进入阴极造成阴极的混合电位而影响DMFC的阴极性能．这是制约DMFC走向实用化的主要问题之一。因此人们在致力于研究直接甲醇燃料电池的同时．也寻求其它的小分子醇作为甲醇的替代燃料。乙醇是除甲醇以外最简单的醇．它来源广泛．无毒，是可再生和环保型能源．并且也有较高的能量密度和反应活性。但是乙醇在电极上的完全氧化因涉及到C-C键的断裂要比甲醇困难．阳极反应动力学过程也比较缓慢。到目前为止铂基催化剂仍然是乙醇氧化最好的催化剂．虽然也有使用非铂催化剂研究乙醇的电氧化，但催化活性远不如铂基催化剂高。     

Simultaneous propane dehydrogenation andco2hydrogenation overCrOx/SiO2catalyst

Summary Single reverse water-gas shift (RWGS) and dehydrogenation of propane with CO₂(DH-CO₂) reactions in the presence and absence of the CrO_x/SiO₂ catalyst have been studied between 673 and 873 K. It was found that the CrO_x/SiO₂ catalyst is active both in the dehydrogenation of propane and in the RWGS reactions. The obtained results suggest that the dehydrogenation of propane to propene in the presence of CO₂on CrO_x/SiO₂can be facilitated by the RWGS reaction.</o:p>     

CO Oxidation on Cu/MgO-SiO2 Sol-Gel Derived Catalysts

Sol-gel Cu//MgOSiO₂ catalysts were prepared gelling tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), magnesium ethoxide and copper acetylacetonate at pH 3 and pH 9. The catalysts shown specific surface areas ca. 500 m²/g and 140 m²/g for pH 9 and pH 3 preparations respectively. Si(OH) and Si(OH)₂ hydroxy groups were observed by MAS-RMN spectroscopy in both preparations. CO₂-TPD and NH₃-TPD desorption thermograms showed that acid and basic sites were formed on the catalysts surface. It has been found that the catalysts having the highest density of basic sites were the catalysts showing the highest activity for the CO oxidation. It is proposed that the catalytic activity depends of the relative Cu⁼¹/Cu⁼² stability given by the support acidity.     

Hydrogen analysis in solid samples by utilizing He metastable atoms induced by TEA CO2 laser plasma in He gas at 1 atm

A TEA CO₂ laser (350 mJ–1.5 J, 10.6 μm, 200 ns, 10 Hz) was focused onto a metal sub-target under He as host gas at 1 atmospheric pressure with a small amount of impurity gas, such as water and ethanol vapors. It was found that the TEA CO₂ laser with the help of the metal sub-target is favorable for generating a strong, large volume helium gas breakdown plasma at 1 atmospheric pressure, in which the helium metastable-excited state was then produced overwhelmingly. While the metal sub-target itself was never ablated. The helium metastable-excited state produced after the strong helium gas breakdown plasma was considered to play an important role in exciting the atoms. This was confirmed by the specific characteristics of the detected H emission, namely the strong intensity with low background, narrow spectral width, and the long lifetime. This technique can be used for gas and solid samples analysis. For nonmetal solid analysis, a metal mesh was introduced in front of the nonmetal sample surface to help initiation of the helium gas breakdown plasma. For metal sample, analysis can be carried out by combining the TEA CO₂ laser and an Nd–YAG laser where the Nd–YAG laser is used to ablate the metal sample. The ablated atoms from the metal sample are then sent into the region of helium gas breakdown plasma induced by the TEA CO₂ laser to be excited through the helium metastable-excited state. This technique can be extended to the analysis of other elements, not limited only to hydrogen, such as halogens.